Birth Control and the Bible: Clearing Misconceptions

Birth Control and the Bible: Clearing Misconceptions

The story of Onan has long been used to argue against birth control, as though any attempt to prevent conception is inherently sinful. But the text of Genesis 38 does not condemn family planning; it condemns covenant unfaithfulness. What does Scripture actually say about birth control?

Misuse of Genesis 38

Onan’s sin was his refusal to provide offspring for his brother’s line. This has nothing to do with modern contraceptives. To use Genesis 38 against birth control is to stretch the passage far beyond its meaning.

Old Testament View of Children

Children were considered a covenant blessing. Psalm 127:3 (NASB): “Behold, children are a gift of the Lord, the fruit of the womb is a reward.” Large families were viewed as a sign of prosperity and divine favor. In an agrarian society, more children meant survival and security. But the Old Testament does not explicitly forbid methods of limiting births.

New Testament Emphasis

The New Testament shifts the emphasis to stewardship and holiness. Paul affirms marriage as a partnership of mutual consent (1 Corinthians 7:3–5, NASB). Decisions about family size fall under the wisdom, conscience, and unity of the couple before God. There is no universal command about birth control, only the call to honor God in body and marriage.

Misconception: “Contraception = Onan’s Sin”

To equate modern family planning with Onan’s rebellion is inaccurate. His sin was covenant refusal, not contraception. Christians should approach family planning prayerfully, with wisdom, and with a heart that submits to God’s purposes.

Conclusion

Birth control, when handled responsibly and prayerfully, is not condemned by Scripture. The misuse of Genesis 38 to ban it is a historical misreading. God’s concern is not simply about biology but about faithfulness, stewardship, and obedience.