Are Muslims Descendants of Abraham? Few questions in interfaith discussions surface as often—or as confidently—as the claim that “Muslims trace their lineage back to Abraham through Ishmael.” It is said with the tone of something long settled, a statement woven into public imagination simply because it sounds plausible. Yet familiarity does not guarantee accuracy. When we look closely at Scripture, history, and theological development, a more nuanced—and far more interesting—